Asthma Is Closely Linked To Allergies
Asthma is a common chronic disease involving the respiratory system in which the airways become inflamed and constrict, often in response to one or more triggers. These episodes may be caused by environmental exposure such as an allergen, environmental tobacco smoke, cold air, perfume, pet dander, moist air, exercise or exertion, or emotional stress. A common childhood trigger is viral illness, including the common cold. This airway narrowing causes symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. Between episodes, most patients feel well but can have mild symptoms.
The symptoms of asthma, which can range from mild to life threatening, can usually be controlled with a combination of drugs and environmental changes. It is controversial as to whether asthma can be permanently cured. Because asthma appears closely linked to allergy, standard allergy avoidance techniques are always recommended. Asthma patients on immunotherapy are at increased risk for reactions to treatment.
Asthma Testing
Asthma can be diagnosed by symptoms and specific lung test. We may perform lung function testing using a device known as a spirometer. This test is routinely done to diagnose and monitor treatment for asthma and other lung disorders. More extensive lung function testing may be necessary.
Asthma Medications
Asthma medications are intended to reduce inflammation and swelling of the lower airway. They included short acting "rescue inhalers" (Albuterol®), inhaled steroids (Qvar®, Flovent®) for long term inflammation control and combination drugs (Advair®, Symbicort®) which include steroid and a long acting bronchial dilators. As with all medications, side effects can occur. Following prescribing instructions is especially important for symptom relief and safety.
